The Importance of Research Methods for Social Economy Organisations

Social economy organisations (SEOs) are a unique category of entities that combine commercial strategies with the objective of generating social impact.  

Social entrepreneurship as a field has experienced a growing focus on understanding the methods, contexts, and results that characterise and sustain SEOs (Bhardwaj et al., 2022). Basis for this knowledge is the application of thorough research methodologies. Research methodologies offer systematic approaches for examining, measuring, and interpreting social entrepreneurship experiences, thus facilitating evidence-based decision-making, policy design, and practical advancement.  

As social entrepreneurship develops, it exhibits a multidisciplinary involvement from areas including economics, sociology, and management (Hota, 2021). Recent studies highlight the growing complexity and contextual flexibility of SEOs, demanding thorough methodological approaches. The concept of engaged research has then emerged as an inclusive, participatory approach that highlights collaboration between researchers and non-academic stakeholders (e.g., SEOs, policymakers, beneficiaries, and the general public).  

The Importance of Research Methods for Social Economy Organisations 

The implementation of research methods by SEOs is essential for strategic success. Research methods enable SEOs to scientifically validate their claims regarding social impact, which is essential for establishing legitimacy with stakeholders such as funders, beneficiaries, and policymakers (Bozhikin, Macke, & da Costa, 2019). Methodological precision also allows SEOs to differentiate causal means and contextual factors that facilitate or obstruct social innovation.  

In this context, engaged research methods hold significant relevance. Engaged research emphasises the co-production of knowledge, incorporating the perspectives of practitioners and community members as essential components of the research process. This participatory attitude is particularly relevant for SEOs, which function at the conjunction of market dynamics and societal needs. 

However, despite their acknowledged importance, research methods are still not regularly incorporated into SEO practices. Obstacles include contextual difficulties in data collection and interpretation, a gap between academic outputs and practical benefits, and a lack of research capacity within organisations (Parekh & Attuel-Mendès, 2022). On top of these challenges, incorporating engaged research adds yet another complex process.  

Therefore, while there are many benefits to engaged research, be it greater relevance and recognition, reciprocal learning, and policy influence, there are also unique challenges, such as upholding ethical standards, managing power dynamics, balancing academic schedules with community rhythms, and finding a balance between practical relevance and scientific reliability. Deliberate efforts must be made to develop cooperative research partnerships, improve methodological training for practitioners, and encourage the easily accessible dissemination of findings to close these gaps. Engaged research's scientific transparency can also help integrate SEOs processes by encouraging mutual respect, trust, and common objectives. 

Conclusion 

Research methods are vital for the development of SEOs as knowledgeable practitioners and agents of change. They enable SEOs to validate impact, enhance operations, and influence policy through credible, evidence-based approaches.  

Engaged research, with its emphasis on co-creation and inclusivity, offers a particularly promising avenue for enhancing the methodological and social relevance of SEOs. As the field continues to evolve, fostering a culture of methodological rigor and reflexivity is crucial. Embracing diverse research models and strengthening academic-practitioner relations are therefore essential steps toward comprehending the transformative potential of social economy and SEOs alike. 

Stefan Chichevaliev – Senior Expert at Diesis Network and Professor of Social

Entrepreneurship at Vrije Universiteit Brussel

References 

• Bhardwaj, R., Srivastava, S., Bindra, S., & Sangwan, S. (2022). An ecosystem view of social entrepreneurship through the perspective of systems thinking. Systemic Research and Behavioral Science, 1–16. 

• Bozhikin, I., Macke, J., & da Costa, L. F. (2019). The role of government and key non-state actors in social entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 730–747. 

• Hota, P. K. (2021). Tracing the intellectual evolution of social entrepreneurship research: Past advances, current trends, and future directions. Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04962-6 

• Parekh, N., & Attuel-Mendès, L. (2022). Social entrepreneurship finance: The gaps in an innovative discipline. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 28(3), 83–108.